干燥設備都有哪些分類類型？

用于進行干燥操作的設備。類型很多。根據(jù)操作壓力可分為常壓和減壓。根據(jù)操作方法可分為間歇式和連續(xù)式。根據(jù)干燥介質可分為空氣、煙道氣或其他干燥介質。根據(jù)運動方式可分為并流，逆流和錯流。

Equipment used for drying operations. There are many types. According to the operating pressure can be divided into normal pressure and decompression. According to the operation method can be divided into intermittent and continuous. According to the drying medium can be divided into air, flue gas or other drying medium. According to the movement mode, it can be divided into parallel flow, counter flow and cross flow.

干燥設備的分類類型：

Classification type of drying equipment:

1、按操作壓力

1. By operating pressure

   
   

按操作壓力，干燥器分為常壓干燥器和真空干燥器兩類，在真空下操作可降低空間的濕分蒸汽分壓而加速干燥過程，且可降低濕分沸點和物料干燥溫度，蒸汽不易外泄，所以，真空干燥器適用于干燥熱敏性、易氧化、易爆和有毒物料以及濕分蒸汽需要回收的場合。

According to the operating pressure, dryers can be divided into atmospheric pressure dryers and vacuum dryers. Operating in vacuum can reduce the partial pressure of wet steam in the space, accelerate the drying process, and reduce the wet boiling point and material drying temperature. The steam is not easy to leak out. Therefore, vacuum dryers are suitable for drying heat sensitive, easily oxidized, explosive and toxic materials, and wet steam needs to be recycled.

2、按加熱方式

2. By heating mode

按加熱方式，干燥器分為對流式、傳導式、輻射式、介電式等類型。對流式干燥器又稱直接干燥器，是利用熱的干燥介質與濕物料直接接觸，以對流方式傳遞熱量，并將生成的蒸汽帶走；傳導式干燥器又稱間接式干燥器，它利用傳導方式由熱源通過金屬間壁向濕物料傳遞熱量，生成的濕分蒸汽可用減壓抽吸、通入少量吹掃氣或在單獨設置的低溫冷凝器表面冷凝等方法移去。

According to heating mode, dryers are divided into convection type, conduction type, radiation type, dielectric type, etc. Convection dryer, also known as direct dryer, is the use of hot drying medium in direct contact with wet materials to transfer heat by convection and take the generated steam away; conduction dryer, also known as indirect dryer, uses the conduction mode to transfer heat from the heat source to the wet materials through the metal wall, and the generated wet steam can be pumped by decompression, injected with a small amount of purge gas or in the single tube The surface of the low-temperature condenser is removed by condensation.

這類干燥器不使用干燥介質，熱效率較高，產(chǎn)品不受污染，但干燥能力受金屬壁傳熱面積的限制，結構也較復雜，常在真空下操作；輻射式干燥器是利用各種輻射器發(fā)射出一定波長范圍的電磁波，被濕物料表面有選擇地吸收后轉變?yōu)闊崃窟M行干燥；介電式干燥器是利用高頻電場作用，使?jié)裎锪蟽炔堪l(fā)生熱效應進行干燥。

This kind of dryer does not use drying medium, has high thermal efficiency, and the product is not polluted, but its drying capacity is limited by the heat transfer area of metal wall, and its structure is more complex, so it is often operated under vacuum; the radiation dryer uses various radiators to emit electromagnetic waves in a certain wavelength range, which are selectively absorbed by the surface of wet materials and then converted into heat for drying; the dielectric dryer is a new type of dryer High frequency electric field is used to dry the wet material.

3、按運動方式

3. By sport

用于進行干燥操作的設備，通過加熱使物料中的濕分（一般指水分或其他可揮發(fā)性液體成分）汽化逸出，以獲得規(guī)定含濕量的固體物料。干燥的目的是為了物料使用或進一步加工的需要。如木材在制作木模、木器前的干燥可以防止制品變形，陶瓷坯料在煅燒前的干燥可以防止成品龜裂。

The equipment used for drying operation vaporizes moisture (generally water or other volatile liquid components) in the material by heating to obtain solid material with specified moisture content. The purpose of drying is to meet the needs of material use or further processing. For example, the drying of wood before making wood mold and wood ware can prevent deformation of products, and the drying of ceramic blank before calcination can prevent cracking of finished products.

另外干燥后的物料也便于運輸和貯存，如將收獲的糧食干燥到一定濕含量以下，以防霉變。由于自然干燥遠不能滿足生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的需要，各種機械化干燥器越來越廣泛地得到應用。

In addition, the dried materials are also convenient for transportation and storage, such as drying the harvested grain to a certain moisture content to prevent mildew. As natural drying is far from meeting the needs of production development, all kinds of mechanized dryers are more and more widely used.